{"id":143989,"date":"2023-03-02T12:32:38","date_gmt":"2023-03-02T11:32:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atena.sk\/blog\/proc-v-usa-funguje-detska-prace\/"},"modified":"2023-04-17T13:25:08","modified_gmt":"2023-04-17T11:25:08","slug":"proc-v-usa-funguje-detska-prace","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atena.sk\/blog\/cs\/proc-v-usa-funguje-detska-prace\/","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d v USA funguje d\u011btsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

D\u011btsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce praktikovan\u00e1 v USA je ji\u017e po desetilet\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011btem kontroverz\u00ed. Mnoz\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee je t\u0159eba d\u00e1t d\u011btem p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost nau\u010dit se zodpov\u011bdnosti a vyd\u011blat si vlastn\u00ed pen\u00edze, jin\u00ed to pova\u017euj\u00ed za formu vyko\u0159is\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 d\u011bti p\u0159ipravuje o d\u011btstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Pro\u010d cht\u011bj\u00ed firmy zam\u011bstn\u00e1vat d\u011bti? <\/h2>\n\n

V\u0161e za\u010dalo pr\u016fmyslovou revoluc\u00ed<\/strong>. Vznikaly tov\u00e1rny a doly a bylo jich mnohem v\u00edce ne\u017e kdykoli p\u0159edt\u00edm. Pracovn\u00ed s\u00edla v\u0161ak byla stejn\u00e1 a nezb\u00fdvalo ne\u017e zam\u011bstn\u00e1vat nezletil\u00e9. Nav\u00edc si zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 uv\u011bdomili, \u017ee d\u011btem nemus\u00ed tolik platit a \u017ee jsou mnohem poslu\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee svou pr\u00e1ci dokon\u010d\u00ed s men\u0161\u00edmi komplikacemi a akceptuj\u00ed sankce. Zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed pokra\u010duje<\/strong> dodnes. Mnoho americk\u00fdch zam\u011bstnavatel\u016f st\u00e1le pova\u017euje d\u011btskou pr\u00e1ci za cenov\u011b v\u00fdhodnou alternativu<\/strong>. Je to tak\u00e9 zp\u016fsob, jak obsadit jinak obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b obsaditeln\u00e1<\/strong> pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta. Pravidla a pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se d\u011btsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce se v\u0161ak zm\u011bnily. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Je zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed v USA leg\u00e1ln\u00ed?<\/h2>\n\n

Podle feder\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1kon\u016f mohou americk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti zam\u011bstn\u00e1vat d\u011bti star\u0161\u00ed 14<\/strong> let. Po\u010det hodin, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u011bhem dne odpracovat, je v\u0161ak omezen. Prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch pozic je rovn\u011b\u017e omezeno. D\u011bti ve v\u011bku 14 a\u017e 16<\/strong> let mohou pracovat maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 3 hodiny<\/strong> b\u011bhem \u0161koln\u00edho dne a 8 hodin v ostatn\u00ed dny. T\u00fddenn\u00ed maximum se rovn\u011b\u017e odv\u00edj\u00ed od \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zky a je omezeno na 18<\/strong> a 40<\/strong> hodin v z\u00e1vislosti na tom, zda d\u00edt\u011b v dan\u00e9m t\u00fddnu nav\u0161t\u011bvuje \u0161kolu. <\/p>\n\n

V USA mohou d\u011bti ve v\u011bku 16 a 17 <\/strong>let pracovat neomezen\u011b dlouhou dobu v povol\u00e1n\u00edch, kter\u00e1 nejsou nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1. Existuje n\u011bkolik v\u00fdjimek<\/strong>: za zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad lze pova\u017eovat, pokud je d\u00edt\u011b zam\u011bstn\u00e1no u rodi\u010d\u016f, rozn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed noviny, pracuje jako herec nebo v zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

Zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed a dopad na d\u011bti pracuj\u00edc\u00ed v tomto odv\u011btv\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Bohu\u017eel kv\u016fli nedostatku pracovn\u00edk\u016f a z finan\u010dn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f existuj\u00ed v americk\u00e9m zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b voln\u00e9 p\u0159edpisy<\/strong>. I dnes mohou d\u011bti pracovat na farm\u011b, kdy\u017e dos\u00e1hnou 12<\/strong> let. Jedin\u00e9, co je pot\u0159eba, je souhlas rodi\u010d\u016f a jeden z rodi\u010d\u016f pracuj\u00edc\u00ed na stejn\u00e9m statku. D\u011bti mohou pracovat neomezen\u011b dlouho – i b\u011bhem \u0161koln\u00edho dne<\/strong>! A po dovr\u0161en\u00ed 16<\/strong> let mohou b\u00fdt na poli i v dob\u011b<\/strong> \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zky. To vede k neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b vysok\u00e9mu po\u010dtu \u017e\u00e1k\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b ukon\u010d\u00ed \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zku. Polovina d\u011bt\u00ed pracuj\u00edc\u00edch v zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed nedokon\u010d\u00ed<\/strong> \u0161kolu.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n

V USA v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b pracuje v zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed 400 000 a\u017e 500 000<\/strong> d\u011bt\u00ed. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mem nen\u00ed ani m\u00edra p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9ho ukon\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zky. V zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed plat\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy. D\u011bti nemohou obsluhovat n\u011bkter\u00e9 traktory, vysokozdvi\u017en\u00e9 voz\u00edky, kombajny, pily a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch typ\u016f t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch stroj\u016f. I p\u0159es tyto p\u0159edpisy je v\u0161ak po\u010det nehod velmi vysok\u00fd. Mnoho d\u011bt\u00ed se zran\u00ed p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci a po\u010det smrteln\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch \u00faraz\u016f je p\u011btkr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed<\/strong> ne\u017e v jin\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00edch. <\/p>\n\n

M\u011bla by existovat d\u011btsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce?<\/h2>\n\n

Zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee mlad\u00fdm lidem poskytnout cenn\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed dovednosti a pracovn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti. D\u00edky tomu, \u017ee d\u011bti za\u010dnou pracovat ji\u017e v ran\u00e9m v\u011bku, mohou se nau\u010dit zodpov\u011bdnosti, hospoda\u0159en\u00ed s \u010dasem a dovednostem v oblasti slu\u017eeb z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm. Mohou si tak\u00e9 osvojit silnou pracovn\u00ed mor\u00e1lku a nau\u010dit se pracovat v t\u00fdmu. Tyto dovednosti jim budou p\u0159\u00ednosem v jejich budouc\u00edm studijn\u00edm a profesn\u00edm \u00fasil\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

M\u011bli bychom se v\u0161ak na v\u011bc pod\u00edvat z \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho<\/strong> hlediska. Zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed a mladistv\u00fdch m\u016f\u017ee prohloubit chudobu. M\u00edsto toho, aby mlad\u00fdm lidem poskytovala p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti k u\u010den\u00ed a r\u016fstu, m\u016f\u017ee je zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed uv\u011bznit v za\u010darovan\u00e9m kruhu \u0161patn\u011b placen\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst s omezen\u00fdmi mo\u017enostmi r\u016fstu. Proto je nejlep\u0161\u00ed omezit pracovn\u00ed dobu na minimum v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee d\u00edt\u011b chce pracovat. <\/p>\n\n

\n Atena<\/mark>\n<\/a> pom\u00e1h\u00e1 lidem naj\u00edt \n zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/mark>\n<\/a>kter\u00e1 napl\u0148uje jejich pot\u0159eby a touhy. Jsme p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deni, \u017ee blaho d\u011bt\u00ed a osob mlad\u0161\u00edch 18 let by m\u011blo b\u00fdt nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed prioritou a \u017ee jejich vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed a budouc\u00ed vyhl\u00eddky by nem\u011bly b\u00fdt ohro\u017eeny p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdm vstupem do pracovn\u00edho \u017eivota. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed mohou nam\u00edtat, \u017ee brzk\u00fd v\u00fdd\u011blek m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v\u00fdhodn\u00fd, ale v na\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti v\u011b\u0159\u00edme, \u017ee investice do vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed a osobn\u00edho rozvoje p\u0159inese mnohem dlouhodob\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhody. \u00dazce spolupracujeme s na\u0161imi klienty na hled\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed jejich dlouhodob\u00fdm c\u00edl\u016fm a ambic\u00edm, s p\u0159ihl\u00e9dnut\u00edm k jejich aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed situaci. Na\u0161\u00edm hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem je pom\u00e1hat lidem budovat napl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed kari\u00e9ru, kter\u00e1 jim zajist\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed stabilitu. <\/p>\n\n

Mysl\u00edte si, \u017ee by d\u011bti m\u011bly m\u00edt mo\u017enost pracovat, a pokud ano, v jak\u00e9m rozsahu? Pod\u011blte se s n\u00e1mi o sv\u016fj n\u00e1zor v koment\u00e1\u0159i. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u011bti jsou na\u0161e budoucnost. USA je v\u0161ak mus\u00ed zam\u011bstnat hned. Je to dobr\u00e9 pro ekonomiku, nebo to mnoho dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed uv\u011bzn\u00ed v nekone\u010dn\u00e9m kolob\u011bhu minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzdy, proto\u017ee d\u011bti nemaj\u00ed \u010das studovat?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":143928,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[220,234],"tags":[],"acf":{"facebookpost":"Pr\u00e1ce vs. studium nezletil\u00fdch - je z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011bz, ? zku\u0161enost\u00ed a dosp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e studium ? a umo\u017en\u011bn\u00ed mlad\u00fdm lidem pro\u017e\u00edt d\u011btstv\u00ed? ? ","popis_socialneho_obrazku":"M\u011bla by b\u00fdt povolena d\u011btsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce? 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