{"id":143892,"date":"2023-03-02T12:32:38","date_gmt":"2023-03-02T11:32:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atena.sk\/blog\/?p=143892"},"modified":"2023-04-17T13:19:44","modified_gmt":"2023-04-17T11:19:44","slug":"preco-v-usa-funguje-detska-praca","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atena.sk\/blog\/preco-v-usa-funguje-detska-praca\/","title":{"rendered":"Pre\u010do v USA funguje detsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1ca?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Detsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1ca praktizovan\u00e1 v USA je u\u017e desa\u0165ro\u010dia predmetom sporov. Mnoh\u00ed tvrdia, \u017ee je potrebn\u00e9 poskytn\u00fa\u0165 de\u0165om pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165 nau\u010di\u0165 sa zodpovednosti a zarobi\u0165 si vlastn\u00e9 peniaze, in\u00ed to pova\u017euj\u00fa za formu vykoris\u0165ovania, ktor\u00e1 deti pripravuje o detstvo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pre\u010do chc\u00fa spolo\u010dnosti zamestn\u00e1va\u0165 deti? <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V\u0161etko sa to za\u010dalo priemyselnou revol\u00faciou<\/strong>. Vznikli tov\u00e1rne a bane, ktor\u00fdch bolo ove\u013ea viac ako kedyko\u013evek predt\u00fdm. Pracovn\u00e1 sila v\u0161ak bola rovnak\u00e1 a nezost\u00e1valo ni\u010d in\u00e9 ako zamestn\u00e1va\u0165 neplnolet\u00e9 osoby. Okrem toho si zamestn\u00e1vatelia uvedomili, \u017ee de\u0165om nemusia to\u013eko plati\u0165 a \u017ee s\u00fa ove\u013ea poslu\u0161nej\u0161ie. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee svoju pr\u00e1cu dokon\u010dia s men\u0161\u00edmi komplik\u00e1ciami a akceptuj\u00fa tresty. Zamestn\u00e1vanie det\u00ed pokra\u010duje dodnes<\/strong>. Mnoh\u00ed zamestn\u00e1vatelia v USA st\u00e1le pova\u017euj\u00fa detsk\u00fa pr\u00e1cu za cenovo v\u00fdhodn\u00fa alternat\u00edvu<\/strong>. Je to tie\u017e sp\u00f4sob, ako obsadi\u0165 inak \u0165a\u017eko obsadite\u013en\u00e9<\/strong> pracovn\u00e9 miesta. Zmenili sa v\u0161ak pravidl\u00e1 a pr\u00e1vne predpisy, ktor\u00e9 detsk\u00fa pr\u00e1cu sprev\u00e1dzaj\u00fa. <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Je zamestn\u00e1vanie det\u00ed v USA leg\u00e1lne?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pod\u013ea feder\u00e1lneho z\u00e1kona m\u00f4\u017eu americk\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti zamestn\u00e1va\u0165 deti star\u0161ie ako 14<\/strong> rokov. Po\u010det hod\u00edn, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu odpracova\u0165 po\u010das d\u0148a, s\u00fa v\u0161ak obmedzen\u00e9. Rovnako je obmedzen\u00e9 vykon\u00e1vanie konkr\u00e9tnych poz\u00edci\u00ed. Deti vo veku od 14 do 16<\/strong> rokov m\u00f4\u017eu pracova\u0165 maxim\u00e1lne 3 hodiny<\/strong> po\u010das \u0161kolsk\u00e9ho d\u0148a a 8 hod\u00edn po\u010das ostatn\u00fdch dn\u00ed. T\u00fd\u017edenn\u00e9 maximum sa tie\u017e odv\u00edja od \u0161kolskej doch\u00e1dzky a je obmedzen\u00e9 na 18<\/strong> a 40<\/strong> hod\u00edn pod\u013ea toho, \u010di die\u0165a chod\u00ed v danom t\u00fd\u017edni do \u0161koly. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V USA m\u00f4\u017eu deti vo veku 16 a 17 <\/strong>rokov odpracova\u0165 neobmedzen\u00fd po\u010det hod\u00edn v povolaniach, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9. Existuje nieko\u013eko v\u00fdnimiek<\/strong>: za osobitn\u00fd pr\u00edpad mo\u017eno pova\u017eova\u0165, ak die\u0165a zamestn\u00e1vaj\u00fa rodi\u010dia, rozn\u00e1\u0161a noviny, pracuje ako herec alebo v po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstve. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo a vplyv na deti, ktor\u00e9 pracuj\u00fa v tomto sektore<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u017dia\u013e, v d\u00f4sledku nedostatku pracovn\u00edkov a z finan\u010dn\u00fdch d\u00f4vodov platia v USA v po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskom sektore neuverite\u013ene vo\u013en\u00e9 predpisy<\/strong>. Aj v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti m\u00f4\u017eu deti pracova\u0165 na farme, ke\u010f dov\u0155\u0161ia 12<\/strong> rokov. Jedin\u00e9 veci na to potrebn\u00e9 s\u00fa s\u00fahlas rodi\u010dov a rodi\u010d pracuj\u00faci na tej istej farme. Deti m\u00f4\u017eu odpracova\u0165 neobmedzen\u00fd po\u010det hod\u00edn – dokonca aj po\u010das \u0161kolsk\u00e9ho d\u0148a<\/strong>! A po dov\u0155\u0161en\u00ed 16<\/strong> rokov m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 na poli aj po\u010das<\/strong> vyu\u010dovania. To vedie k neuverite\u013ene vysok\u00e9mu po\u010dtu \u017eiakov, ktor\u00ed pred\u010dasne ukon\u010dia \u0161kolsk\u00fa doch\u00e1dzku. Polovica det\u00ed pracuj\u00facich v po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstve nedokon\u010d\u00ed<\/strong> \u0161kolu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti v USA pracuje v po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstve 400 000 a\u017e 500 000<\/strong> det\u00ed. Miera pred\u010dasn\u00e9ho ukon\u010denia \u0161kolskej doch\u00e1dzky ani nie je najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mom. V po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstve platia \u010fal\u0161ie pravidl\u00e1 t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa zdravia a bezpe\u010dnosti. Deti nem\u00f4\u017eu obsluhova\u0165 niektor\u00e9 traktory, vysokozdvi\u017en\u00e9 voz\u00edky, kombajny, p\u00edly a mnoh\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie typy \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdch strojov. Aj napriek t\u00fdmto predpisom je v\u0161ak po\u010det neh\u00f4d mimoriadne vysok\u00fd. Mnoho det\u00ed sa pri pr\u00e1ci zran\u00ed a po\u010det smrte\u013en\u00fdch pracovn\u00fdch \u00farazov je p\u00e4\u0165kr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed<\/strong> ako v in\u00fdch odvetviach. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mala by existova\u0165 detsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1ca?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Zamestnanie m\u00f4\u017ee mlad\u00fdm \u013eu\u010fom poskytn\u00fa\u0165 cenn\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti a pracovn\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti. T\u00fdm, \u017ee deti za\u010dn\u00fa pracova\u0165 v ranom veku, m\u00f4\u017eu sa nau\u010di\u0165 zodpovednosti, organiz\u00e1cii \u010dasu a zru\u010dnostiam v oblasti slu\u017eieb z\u00e1kazn\u00edkom. M\u00f4\u017eu si tie\u017e osvoji\u0165 siln\u00fa pracovn\u00fa mor\u00e1lku a nau\u010di\u0165 sa pracova\u0165 v t\u00edme. Tieto zru\u010dnosti im bud\u00fa prospe\u0161n\u00e9 v bud\u00facom akademickom a profesion\u00e1lnom \u00fasil\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mali by sme sa v\u0161ak pozera\u0165 na \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed obraz<\/strong>. Zamestn\u00e1vanie det\u00ed a neplnolet\u00fdch t\u00edned\u017eerov m\u00f4\u017ee upevni\u0165 chudobu. Namiesto toho, aby zamestnanie poskytlo mlad\u00fdm \u013eu\u010fom pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165 u\u010di\u0165 sa a r\u00e1s\u0165, m\u00f4\u017ee ich uv\u00e4zni\u0165 v za\u010darovanom kruhu n\u00edzko platen\u00fdch pracovn\u00fdch miest s obmedzen\u00fdmi mo\u017enos\u0165ami rastu. Preto je najlep\u0161ie obmedzi\u0165 pracovn\u00fd \u010das na minimum v pr\u00edpade, \u017ee die\u0165a chce pracova\u0165. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Atena<\/mark><\/a> pom\u00e1ha \u013eu\u010fom n\u00e1js\u0165 si pr\u00e1cu<\/mark><\/a>, ktor\u00e1 napln\u00ed ich potreby a t\u00fa\u017eby. Sme presved\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee blaho det\u00ed a os\u00f4b mlad\u0161\u00edch ako 18 rokov by malo by\u0165 najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou prioritou a \u017ee ich vzdelanie ani vyhliadky do bud\u00facnosti by nemali by\u0165 ohrozen\u00e9 pred\u010dasn\u00fdm vstupom do pracovn\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Hoci niekto m\u00f4\u017ee namieta\u0165, \u017ee skor\u00e9 zar\u00e1banie m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 prospe\u0161n\u00e9, v na\u0161ej spolo\u010dnosti ver\u00edme, \u017ee invest\u00edcia do vzdel\u00e1vania a osobn\u00e9ho rozvoja prinesie ove\u013ea dlhodobej\u0161ie v\u00fdhody. \u00dazko spolupracujeme s na\u0161imi klientmi na h\u013eadan\u00ed pracovn\u00fdch pr\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa v s\u00falade s ich dlhodob\u00fdmi cie\u013emi a amb\u00edciami, pri\u010dom zoh\u013ead\u0148ujeme aktu\u00e1lne okolnosti. Na\u0161\u00edm kone\u010dn\u00fdm cie\u013eom je pom\u00e1ha\u0165 \u013eu\u010fom budova\u0165 si plnohodnotn\u00fa kari\u00e9ru, ktor\u00e1 im poskytne finan\u010dn\u00fa stabilitu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mysl\u00edte si, \u017ee by deti mali ma\u0165 mo\u017enos\u0165 pracova\u0165, a ak \u00e1no, do akej miery? Pode\u013ete sa s nami o n\u00e1zor v koment\u00e1ri. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Deti s\u00fa na\u0161a bud\u00facnos\u0165. USA ich v\u0161ak potrebuje zamestna\u0165 u\u017e teraz. Je to prospe\u0161n\u00e9 pre ekonomiku, alebo to uv\u00e4zn\u00ed mnoh\u00e9 dom\u00e1cnosti v nekone\u010dnom kolobehu minim\u00e1lnej mzdy, preto\u017ee deti nemaj\u00fa \u010das \u0161tudova\u0165?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":143921,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,55],"tags":[],"acf":{"facebookpost":"Pr\u00e1ca verzus \u0161t\u00fadium neplnolet\u00fdch os\u00f4b - je z\u00edskanie pe\u0148az\u00ed, ? sk\u00fasenost\u00ed a dospievanie d\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie ako \u0161t\u00fadium ? a umo\u017enenie mlad\u00fdm \u013eu\u010fom za\u017ei\u0165 detstvo? ? ","popis_socialneho_obrazku":"M\u00e1 by\u0165 detsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1ca povolen\u00e1? 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